Hobaneng ha Boemo ba Mafura a J1939 bo le sieo Pontšong?

Haufinyane tjena u ntlafalitse ponts'o ea sejoale-joale ea dijithale joalo ka Garmin, Murphy, kapa tloaelo ea Human-Machine Interface (HMI). U lebelletse telemetry ea enjine e hlakileng le lipalo tse nepahetseng tsa data. Sebakeng sa lipalo tse hlakileng, gauge ea mafura e bonesa phoso, e bala zero, kapa e lula e se na letho. Boemo bona bo nyahamisang bo emisa ts'ebetso hang-hang 'me bo siea basebetsi ba sa bone ka ho feletseng mehloli ea bona ea mafura.

Ho marang-rang a libese a SAE J1939 le CAN, boemo ba mafura a sieo hangata ha se skrine se robehileng. E batla e hloleha kamehla puisanong ea hardware, ho se lumellane ha protocol, kapa phoso ea phetolelo ea analog-to-digital. Lipontšo tsa sejoale-joale tsa dijithale li lebelletse lipakete tsa data tse laoloang ka thata. Haeba pakete ea data e le sieo, e senyehile, kapa e rometsoe ka lebelo le fosahetseng, gauge e hloleha ho tlala.

Tataiso ena e senya lisosa tsa motheo tsa lets'oao la mafura la J1939 le sieo. U tla ithuta ho arola liphoso lipakeng tsa wiring ea 'mele le likarolo tsa khokahano ea data. Ho feta moo, re hlakisa litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa ho khetha sensor e nepahetseng ea ho khutlisa kapa converter ea analog-to-CAN. U ka sebelisa lintlha tsena ho khutlisa botsitso ba marang-rang ka potlako.

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa

• Boemo ba mafura a J1939 bo sa bontsheng ponts'o hangata bo bakoa ke bahanyetsi ba ho felloa ke nako, litekanyetso tse sa lumellaneng tsa baud (250k vs. 500k), kapa ho hloleha ho phatlalatsa PGN 65276 (SPN 96).

• Ho ntlafatsa enjene ea khale ho ea ho HMI ea dijithale ho hloka converter e khethehileng ea analog-to-CAN haeba motho ea rometseng ea hanang a bolokiloe.

• Ha u lekola moromeli e mocha oa SAE J1939 tanka, beha pele likarolo tse nang le liaterese tsa mohloli o ka lokisehang le litekanyetso tse thata tsa IP67+ bakeng sa tikoloho e thata.

• Ho rarolla bothata bona ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng ho thibela ho nkeloa sebaka ho sa hlokahaleng ha lipontšo tsa dijithale tse sebetsang ka botlalo.

Theko ea Khoebo ea Boemo ba Mafura a J1939 bo sa Bontšoe

Literaka tse boima, likepe tsa likepe, le lijenereithara tsa motlakase tsa indasteri li itšetlehile haholo ka lintlha tse nepahetseng tsa telemetry. Ho sebetsa ntle le lintlha tse nepahetseng tsa mafura ho baka kotsi e kholo ea ts'ebetso mafapheng ana kaofela. U tobane le ho felloa ke matla ha mafura libakeng tse hole le nako ea ho theoha e sa lebelloang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa. Lienjene tsa diesel ke tsona tse kotsing ea ho bolaoa ke tlala ea mafura. Ho tsamaisa tanka e kholo ea diesel e omme ka ho feletseng hangata ho baka liloko tse matla tsa moea tsamaisong ea ente. Ho tsoa mali lithapong tsa peterole tse nang le khatello e phahameng ho hloka ho kenella ho hoholo ha mochini, ho qobella letlotlo hore le se ke la sebetsa lihora tse ngata.

Hangata basebelisi ba supa ka menoana ponts'ong e turang ea dijithale ha li-gauge li hloleha. Ka phoso ba beha molato skrineng e tsoetseng pele ea HMI ha ho hloleha ha 'nete ho ipatile ka har'a mohala. Maemong a mangata, u tla fumana phoso e bonolo ea wiring harness e bakang ho tima. Node ea marang-rang e sa lokisoang hantle kapa phini e senyehileng le eona e ka baka skrini se se nang letho se tšoanang. Ho beha skrine molato ho lebisa tekong e senyehileng ea tlhahlobo le pherekano e sa feleng bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo.

Tokiso e atlehileng e theha khaso e tsoelang pele, e tsitsitseng ea data ea mafura ho pholletsa le bese kaofela. Marang-rang a tlameha ho romela data ho sekhetho se nepahetseng ntle le ho qea-qea. Ha ua lokela ho bona likhohlano tsa marang-rang ho hang ho lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa tlhahlobo. Sistimi e tlameha ho felisa ka botlalo liphoso leha e le life tse sa khaotseng tsa ho khaola kapa ho qeta nako. Ho fihlela sena ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e ts'epahalang haholo le ho khutlisetsa ts'epo ea opareitara litekanyong tsa bona tsa dijithale.

Physical Layer vs. Data Link: Tlhahlobo ea ho Khaoha

Ho hlahloba hore na ke hobane'ng ha u na le Boemo ba mafura a J1939 bo sa bontsheng bo hloka ho arola marang-rang ka likarolo tse peli tse fapaneng. U tlameha ho lekola lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang le software ea dijithale ea protocol ka thoko. Ho kopanya mehato ena ea ho rarolla mathata ho senya nako ea bohlokoa ea tlhahlobo.

Ho arola Lera la 'Mele (Wiring le Hardware)

Lera la 'mele le na le tšusumetso e tala ea motlakase lipakeng tsa balaoli. Haeba motheo ona o hloleha, ha ho data ea dijithale e fihlang yuniti ea ponts'o.

• Li-Resistors tsa ho Felisoa: Marang-rang a CAN a hloka ka tieo li-resistors tsa 120-ohm lipheletsong tse peli tsa mokokotlo o moholo. Lihanyetsi tse sieo li baka lets'oao le matla haholo ho bapisa mohala. Pontšo ena e qhekella lipakete tsa data ebe e theola data ea mafura ka botlalo. Kamehla sebelisa multimeter ea digital ho lekanya khanyetso ho pholletsa le CAN High le CAN Low. E lokela ho bala hoo e ka bang 60 ohms ha tsamaiso e theohile.

• Harness Integrity: Lekola tsela ea likhoele ka hloko haufi le chassis kapa hull. Sheba hore na ho na le lithapo tse pinched tsa CAN High kapa tsa CAN tse tlase haufi le li-bulkheads. U tlameha hape ho netefatsa likhokahano tsa mantlha tsa mantlha hloohong ea sensor. Sebaka se senyehileng se etsa hore motlakase o fokotsehe. Li-offsets tsena li thibela chip ea transceiver ho bala matšoao a fapaneng ka nepo.

• Connector Corrosion: Sheba lihokelo bakeng sa oxidation e tala. Ho kenella ha metsi plug ho senya li-voltages tse bobebe tsa CAN. Hloekisa lithakhisa hantle 'me u tšele setlolo sa dielectric ho thibela ho bokellana ha mongobo nakong e tlang.

Ho Arola Lera la Protocol (Data le Software)

Haeba liteko tsa wiring li utloahala hantle, hangata bothata bo ipata ka har'a data. Liphetoho tse fosahetseng tsa software li atile haholo nakong ea ntlafatso ea thepa ea morao-rao.

• Baud Rate Mismatches: Node tsa marang-rang li tlameha ho bua ka lebelo le ts'oanang. Haeba marang-rang a hau a mantlha a sebetsa ho 500 kbps, empa sensor e ncha e hasana ka 250 kbps, puisano e hloleha hang hang. Pontšo ha e khone ho hlalosa lipakete tsa data tse liehang ho feta. U tla bona li-skrini tse se nang letho kapa liphoso tse matla tsa nako ea puisano ho dash.

• PGN le SPN Verification: Setsebi se tloaelehileng sa indasteri bakeng sa boemo ba mafura a Dash Display ke Parameter Group Number (PGN) 65276. Molaetsa ona o khethehileng o sebelisa Suspect Parameter Number (SPN) 96. U hloka sesebelisoa se inehetseng sa CAN analyzer ho netefatsa sena. E hokele boema-kepeng ba tlhahlobo 'me u shebelle sephethe-phethe. Haeba PGN 65276 e le sieo, sensor ha e e romelle feela.

• FMS Gateway Filtering: Lisebelisoa tsa Fleet hangata li sebelisa mojule oa monyako oa Fleet Management Standard (FMS). Khoro ena e arola ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng bese ea enjine ea bohlokoa ho bese ea tlaleho ea telematics. Netefatsa hore heke ha e sefe boemo ba mafura PGN pele e fihla ponts'o ea dashboard.

Phephetso ea Retrofit: Ho Kopanya Baromeli ba Analog ho Lipontšo tsa Dijithale

Lienjineri tsa khale tsa diesel li itšetlehile ka theknoloji e bonolo haholo, ea lilemo tse mashome bakeng sa ho metha mafura. Hangata ba sebelisa li-analoge tse hanyetsang tse hahelletsoeng ho pota-pota float e thellang. Baromelli bana ba hlahisa mefuta e fapaneng ea khanyetso e kang maemo a Amerika a 240-33 ohms kapa maemo a Europe a 0-190 ohms. Lipontšo tsa sejoale-joale tsa J1939 li utloisisa feela lipakete tsa dijithale tse tsoetseng pele. Ha ba khone ho bala khanyetso ena e tala ea motlakase ka kotloloho, ho theha ho se lumellane ha lisebelisoa tsa mantlha.

Sehlopha sa Tharollo: Bafetoleli ba Analog-to-CAN

Mohlomong ha u batle ho hula tanka e kholo ea indasteri hang-hang. U ka khetha ho tlohela yuniti ea analoge e teng ka botlalo. Tsela ea analog-to-J1939 e ka khona ho boloka lets'oao le teng la analog. Mojule ona o monyane, o ka har'a marang-rang o sebetsa joalo ka mofetoleli ea bohlale lipakeng tsa moromelli oa khale le ponts'o e ncha ea dijithale. E bala khanyetso ebe e e fetola pakete e nepahetseng ea CAN.

Leha ho le joalo, u tlameha ho ba hlokolosi haholo nakong ea ho reka thepa. Qoba li-converter tse theko e tlaase, tse se nang lebitso ho tsoa limmarakeng tsa marang-rang. Hangata li na le liaterese tsa mohloli oa hardcode tseo u ke keng ua li fetola. Liaterese tsena tse nang le likhoutu tse thata hangata li hohlana le li-Engine Control Units (ECUs) kapa balaoli ba phetisetso. Khohlano ena ea liaterese e lebisa likhohlanong tsa marang-rang hanghang, ho kokota lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa kantle ho marang-rang.

Sehlopha sa Tharollo: Phetoho e Otlolohileng ea Digital

Mokhoa o hloekileng le o tšepahalang ka ho fetesisa oa ho khutlisa o kenyelletsa phetoho e felletseng ea hardware. U tlosa ka ho feletseng yuniti ea khale, ea mechine e hanyetsanang le tanka. Ebe u kenya sebaka sa tlhaho, se tiileng CAN bus fuel level sensor . Ntlafatso ena e felisa ka ho felletseng lebokose la converter la middleman. Yuniti e ncha e hasanya lipakete tsa dijithale ka kotloloho mokokotlong o moholo. Leha e hloka phihlello ea tanka ea 'mele bakeng sa ho kenya, e ntlafatsa haholo ts'epo ea marang-rang le ho nepahala ha data.

Ho lekola Motho ea Felletseng SAE J1939 Tank Level Sender

Ha tlhahlobo ea hau e supa sensor e shoeleng ka ho sa feleng, u tlameha ho khetha yuniti e ncha ka hloko. Eseng bohle SAE J1939 moromeli oa boemo ba tanka o sebetsa hantle ka ho lekana libakeng tse thata, tse thothomelang.

Tekanyo ea Theknoloji

Bareki hangata ba khetha pakeng tsa meralo ea sejoale-joale ea capacitive le mefuta ea khale ea lehlaka. Li-sensor tsa Capacitive li fana ka lipalo tse tsoelang pele, tse phahameng ka ho lekanya phetoho ea dielectric ea mokelikeli ka boeona. Ts'ebetso ena ea ka hare ea software e felisa phello e mabifi eo u e bonang e le ho theoha ha mafura nakong ea leeto le mabifi. Li phahame haholo bakeng sa kopano ea libese tsa CAN tse nepahetseng haholo. Li-switches tsa lehlaka li itšetlehile ka hore ho thellehe holim'a boto ea potoloho. Ba ntlafatsa ho bala feela ha float e feta ka linako tse itseng tsa makenete.

Configuration Flexibility (Bohlokoa Bakeng sa Liqeto tsa BOF)

U hloka ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ha u kopanya hardware e ncha ho ecosystem e teng. Ho batla aterese ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, e se nang liphoso. Ipotse lipotso tse seng kae tsa bohlokoa haholo pele u reka. A na u ka fetola Aterese ea Mohloli oa sensor habonolo u sebelisa sesebelisoa se tloaelehileng sa tlhophiso? A na u ka lekanya boemo ba tanka ea ka hare bakeng sa libopeho tse sa tloaelehang kapa tse tloaelehileng tsa tanka? Litanka tsa marine tsa V-hull le litanka tsa liseile tse hatetsoeng haholo li hloka 'mapa o tloaelehileng oa volumetric. Haeba sensor e haelloa ke bokhoni ba ho hlophisa, e ka tlaleha tanka e tletseng halofo e fosahetseng ka lebaka la geometry e makatsang ea tanka.

Tšireletseho le Maemo a Tumellano

Ho tiisa tikoloho qetellong ho laela nako ea bophelo ea li-sensor tsa metsing le tse boima. Batla tumellano e tobileng, e ngotsoeng le maemo a SAE J1939. U boetse u batla litifikeiti tse tloaelehileng tsa CE le RoHS ho netefatsa polokeho ea motlakase. Ela hloko ka ho khethehileng litekanyetso tsa ts'ireletso tsa Ingress tse leqepheng la lintlha. O hloka IP67 kapa IP68 tiiso ea tikoloho ho sireletsa potoloho ea kahare. Ho kenella ha metsi e ntse e le sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu la sensor pele ho nako tšimong.

Papiso ea Ts'ebetso ea Fuel Sender Technologies

Lintho tsa 'Nete tsa Phethahatso le Mehato e Latelang

Ho latela tatellano e hlakileng, e hlophisitsoeng ho boloka lihora tse se nang palo tsa pherekano. Sebelisa mehato ena ea tlhahlobo ho khutlisetsa tšebetso ea hau ea ponts'o ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng.

1. Lekola CAN Bus Traffic: Pele u reka lisebelisoa life kapa life tse ncha, hokela sebali sa khoutu sa J1939 boema-kepeng bo ka sehloohong ba tlhahlobo. U ka sebelisa sesebelisoa se tloaelehileng sa USB CAN ho laptop. Sheba ka ho khetheha bakeng sa SPN 96 molaong oa data. Haeba e le teng ka bese, sensor e sebetsa hantle. Pontšo e fosahetse 'me e hloka ntlafatso ea software. Haeba pakete e haella ka ho feletseng, sensor kapa wiring e hlōlehile.

2. Netefatsa Architecture ea Marang-rang: Netefatsa hore u sa tsoa e kenya Sensor ea boemo ba mafura ea J1939 e hlile e hokahana le mokokotlo o nepahetseng. Basebelisi ba bangata ba e kenya ka teraka beseng ea bobeli ka phoso. Ena ke phoso e atileng haholo ho li-setups tse nyalisitsoeng tsa marine NMEA 2000 le J1939. Pontšo e ke ke ea koala lekhalo ntle le keiti e khethehileng ea borokho.

3. Hlahloba Khanyetso ea ho Felisa: Koala matla ohle a betri ho sistimi. Batlisisa CAN High le CAN Low Pins ka multimeter. Etsa bonnete ba hore o bona 60 ohms. Haeba u bona li-ohm tse 120, u haelloa ke sehanyetsi se emisang pheletsong e 'ngoe ea bese. Haeba u bona 40 ohms kapa ka tlase ho moo, u na le li-resistance tse ngata haholo tse kentsoeng.

4. Lenane le Lekhuts'oane la Tharollo: Lekola phumaneho ea tanka ea hau ka hloko. Haeba tanka e fumaneha habonolo ho tloha holimo, reka mochine oa tlhaho oa J1939 capacitive fluid level. Mokhoa ona o fana ka ts'epo e phahameng ea nako e telele. Haeba tanka e tiisitsoe ka ho feletseng kapa e sa fumanehe tlas'a fatše e boima, reka mochine oa boleng bo phahameng, o hlophisitsoeng oa analog-to-J1939 signal converter ho e-na le hoo.

Qetello

Ho khutlisa data ea bohlokoa ea telemetry ho hloka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng oa tlhahlobo ho fapana le ho fetola karolo e sa reroang. U tlameha ho netefatsa likhokahano tsa 'mele le litlhophiso tsa protocol pele u ama lisebelisoa tsa tanka ea' mele. Ha u tobane le ho se lumellane ha analoge, khetha liheke tsa boleng bo holimo tse lokiselitsoeng ho sireletsa botšepehi ba marang-rang. Bakeng sa liphetoho tse felletseng, etelletsa pele tekhenoloji ea solid-state capacitive ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha tlaleho. Kamehla netefatsa litefiso tsa hau tsa marang-rang le liaterese tsa mohloli nakong ea mohato oa ho qetela oa ho kenya. Ho latela litataiso tsena hantle ho netefatsa hore lipapatso tsa hau tsa dijithale li fana ka data e nepahetseng, e sa sitisoeng ea ts'ebetso ea nako e telele.

LBH

Q: Ke PGN efe e sebelisetsoang boemo ba mafura ba J1939?

A: Lintlha tsa boemo ba mafura hangata li phatlalatsoa tlas'a Parameter Group Number (PGN) 65276. PGN ena e tobileng e lumellana le mosebetsi o tloaelehileng oa Dash Display. Ka har'a pakete ena ea molaetsa, marang-rang a sebelisa Suspect Parameter Number (SPN) 96 ho emela Fuel Level 1 ka nepo.

P: A na nka hokela motho ea romelang mafura a analoge ka kotloloho ponts'ong ea J1939?

A: Che, u ke ke ua li hokahanya ka kotloloho. J1939 ea sejoale-joale e bonts'a feela melaetsa ea dijithale ea CAN. Li-analog li fana ka khanyetso e fapaneng ea motlakase joalo ka 240-33 ohms. U tlameha ho kenya heke e khethehileng ea analog-to-CAN. Sefetoleli sena se fetolela khanyetso e tala ea motlakase ho lipakete tsa dijithale tse hlophisitsoeng hantle.

P: Ke hobane'ng ha boemo ba peterole ea ka bo theoha butle-butle ho fihla ho zero ho 'digital dash'?

A: Hangata marotholi a nakoana a bontša mathata a 'mele ho e-na le li-sensor tse shoeleng ka ho feletseng. U lokela ho hlahloba hore na ha ho na lihanyetsi tsa ho felisa 120-ohm tse sieo mokokotlong oa CAN pele. Ka mor'a moo, hlahloba lithapo tsa mantlha bakeng sa likhokahano tsa likhoele tsa CAN High kapa tsa CAN tse tlase. Qetellong, netefatsa khokahano ea fatše hloohong ea sensor.

P: Na ke hloka 250k kapa 500k baud rate sensor?

A: E itšetlehile ka ho feletseng ka koloi ea hau kapa mohaho oa marang-rang oa sekepe. Boholo ba marang-rang a boima ba lefa la J1939 a sebetsa ho 250 kbps. Leha ho le joalo, litsamaiso tse ncha tsa elektroniki hangata li fallela ho lebelo la 500 kbps. U tlameha ho bapisa sekhahla sa baud ea sensor e ncha hantle le marang-rang a hau a teng ho thibela ho hloleha ha puisano.