Ikibazo Cyamazi Yurwego Cyamazi Cyakora mumazi ya RO?

Kugaragaza ibyuma bisanzwe bya sisitemu yamazi meza-yerekana ibintu bitangaje byubwubatsi. Urashobora guhita wibwira ko ikintu cyose cyibanze kizabona amazi mumazi. Ariko, ukoresheje a urwego rwamazi rwamazi muri Reverse Osmose (RO) amazi akomeza kuba afite inenge. Uku kutabangikanya gutaziguye guturuka kuri fiziki ishingiye kumashanyarazi. Kugaragaza ubwoko bwa sensor yibeshya biganisha kubisoma biteye akaga mubikoresho byawe. Urashobora guhura na pompe ikabije-yumye, ibigega byuzuye, hamwe nigihe cyo gutungurana gitunguranye. Iyo sensor yawe yananiwe, inzira yawe yose yo gukora irasya. Iyi ngingo itanga isuzuma rikomeye rya tekiniki ryerekana impamvu ibyuma byifashishwa byananirana ahantu heza. Tuzagaragaza ubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bukwiye bwo guhuza sisitemu ya RO yizewe. Uzamenya guhitamo iburyo urwego rwamazi ahindura kugirango urinde ibikorwa remezo byawe.

Ibyingenzi

• Kugabanuka kwa fiziki: Amazi ya RO akuramo imyunyu ngugu na ion zisabwa gutwara amashanyarazi, cyane cyane akora nka insulator aho kuba umuyobozi.

• Ingaruka zikomeye zo kunanirwa: Gushyira iperereza ryitwara muri tanki ya RO akenshi bivamo ibimenyetso byibinyoma 'tank ubusa ', biganisha kumuriro wa pompe cyangwa sisitemu ifunga.

• Ubundi buryo bwagaragaye: Mechanical (PP float level switch) hamwe na sensor (ultrasonic / optique) ni amahame yinganda zikoreshwa mumazi meza.

• Ibintu byingenzi: Guhitamo igipimo cyamazi gikwiye kumazi ya RO bisaba gushyira imbere guhuza imiti (urugero, Polypropilene cyangwa PTFE) kugirango wirinde kumeneka mumazi meza.

1. Ikibazo Cyibanze: Impamvu RO Amazi Yatsinze Imikorere

Ugomba gusobanukirwa nubukanishi bwimikorere ya sensor kugirango urebe impamvu binanirwa hano. Ibi bikoresho bikora kumahame yoroshye yamashanyarazi. Bishingikiriza rwose kumazi akikije kugirango bafunge amashanyarazi. Inzira ikora binyuze muri izi ntambwe zihariye:

1. Umugenzuzi uhujwe akoresha imbaraga nkeya zisimburana kuri electrode yibanze.

2. Urwego rwamazi ruzamuka kandi rukora kumubiri byombi electrode yibanze nubutaka.

3. Iyoni ireremba ubusa imbere mumazi itwara amashanyarazi hejuru yicyyuho.

4. Umuzunguruko urarangiye, kandi umugenzuzi yandika ahari amazi.

Uru ruhererekane rushingiye cyane kubucucike bwa ion. Inzira ya osose ihindagurika ikuraho cyane kugeza 99% bya Solide Solide Solide (TDS). Ibibyimba bikuramo calcium, magnesium, sodium, hamwe nu munyu utandukanye. Ibi bintu byihariye bitanga ion yubusa ikenewe kugirango itware amashanyarazi yose. Bitabaye ibyo, amazi mubyukuri ahinduka amashanyarazi.

Turashobora kwitegereza icyuho gikomeye cya ion mugereranya ibipimo byamazi. Amazi meza asanzwe apima hagati ya 100 na 500Siemens kuri santimetero (µS / cm). Ibipimo bihanitse byemeza gufunga imirongo yizewe. Bitandukanye cyane, amazi meza ya RO asanzwe agabanuka munsi ya 10 µS / cm. Niba ucunga ubwoko bwa II cyangwa Ubwoko bwa III sisitemu yamazi meza, gupima akenshi bigwa munsi ya 1 µS / cm. Ibi birema ibidukikije byanga rwose iperereza risanzwe.

Imbonerahamwe 1: Imyitwarire ihabanye no Kurwanya Imibare Yamakuru

Abatekinisiye benshi bagerageza gukora akaga kugirango bakemure iki kibazo. Bagwiza cyane kugenzura ibyiyumvo byogusoma kugirango basome ultra-low conductivity. Tuvuze kuri ibi nka 'sensibilité hack ' kwibeshya. Kwikuramo ibyiyumvo bitera imyitwarire yo guhinduranya bidasanzwe. Sisitemu itangira kwitwara neza mubushuhe bwibidukikije imbere yumutwe. Itera inshuro nyinshi kuva hejuru yoroheje. Ubuso bwubuso bworoshye buriganya byoroshye ibyerekezo. Ntukigipima ubwinshi bwamazi. Urapima gusa ububobere bwibidukikije. Iyi myitwarire mibi yemeza imyitwarire ya sisitemu idateganijwe mugihe runaka.

2. Ingaruka zo Gukoresha Gukoresha Sensor Yibeshya muri Sisitemu ya RO

Kohereza sensor itari yo byihuta byiyongera mubibazo byubukanishi. Gusoma nabi kubeshya byerekana ingaruka zikomeye zamafaranga kubayobozi b'ibigo. Niba amazi meza adashobora kuzuza amashanyarazi, sisitemu isoma ubusa. Umugenzuzi atekereza ko nta mazi abaho imbere mu bwato. Ihita itegeka gutanga pompe gukora kugirango itangwe neza. Uku kunanirwa kwihariye gutera pompe yangiza-yumye.

Umuvuduko ukabije wa RO pompe yishingikiriza cyane kumazi yatambutse kugirango akonje imbere. Bakeneye kandi aya mazi yo gusiga amavuta. Gukoresha pompe zihenze byumye bitera cavitation y'imbere. Imbere yimbere irihuta. Ikidodo cya moteri cyaka kubera ubushyuhe bukabije. Ubwanyuma uhura nibiciro byinshi byo gusimbuza hamwe nigihe kinini cyagutse.

Gusoma neza kubeshya birema ibintu byangiza kimwe mubikorwa. Ubusanzwe ibizenga hagati ya electrode yicyuma imbere yimitsi ifunze. Niba ukoresheje igenzura rikomeye cyane, iki gitonyanga kimwe gikuraho icyuho. Umugenzuzi ahita asobanura iki gitonyanga gito nkigikoresho cyuzuye. Ihita yerekana ibimenyetso byo gufata kugirango ifunge imburagihe. Ibinyuranye, gusenyuka hejuru birashobora gushuka sisitemu kugirango yuzuze ubwato. Umugenzuzi yirengagije ingano nyayo kandi ategeka kuzuza. Ibi bitera imyuzure iteje akaga hejuru yikigo cyawe. Urasesagura kandi litiro ibihumbi by'amazi meza.

Kubahiriza no kugenzura ubuziranenge birababara cyane muribi bihe. Inganda nyinshi zigezweho zishingiye kubutabera bukomeye, butavunitse. Ibiti bya farumasi bisaba kugenzura byimazeyo. Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bikora bikurikiza amategeko akomeye y’umutekano. Igenamiterere rya laboratoire risaba ingano ya dilution. Urwego rudahwitse rwunvikana buri cyiciro utanga. Rukuruzi rwizewe rurenga kubikorwa bisanzwe. Urashobora guhura nicyiciro cyuzuye. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura akenshi zitanga ibihano bikaze kubyo kunanirwa mubikorwa.

3.Gusuzuma ubundi buryo: Amazi meza yo kurwego rwamazi ya RO

Ugomba guhitamo tekinoroji ikingira rwose impinduka zamashanyarazi. Turasaba cyane guhuza ubundi buryo bwemejwe, bushingiye kuri fiziki. Kubona igikwiye urwego rwamazi rwamazi ya RO rutuma ibikorwa byigihe kirekire bikora.

Ibisubizo byuburyo butanga ubwizerwe budasanzwe kubidukikije. Uwiteka PP float urwego rwimikorere ikora nkibikorwa byinganda byambere muri iki gihe. Izi polypropilene magnetiki zireremba zitanga ingamba nziza zo gusimbuza. Barenga ikibazo cyimyitwarire yishingikiriza rwose kumubiri. Kureremba kuramba kuramba kuzamuka gusa kuruhande rwamazi. Ihita itera imbere imbere ifunze urubingo.

• Ibyiza: Barata kwizerwa bidasanzwe kandi nigiciro gito cyo gushyira mubikorwa. Bakomeza gukingira byimazeyo ihindagurika ryamazi.

• Ibibi: Bitwara microscopique ibyago byo gupima minerval mugihe runaka. Nyamara, gupima cyane bikomeje kuba imbonekarimwe mumazi ya RO yungurujwe neza.

Kudashyikirana kwumva bitanga ubundi buryo bwiza, busobanutse neza. Ultrasonic na radar sensor nziza cyane mubikorwa byogukora isuku cyane. Ibidukikije bifite isuku bisaba guhuza umubiri igihe cyose bishoboka. Ntukunze kubona ibice byo hanze bikora ku bicuruzwa byawe bisukuye. Ibyuma bidahuza byunvikana amajwi cyangwa radar impiswi hejuru y'amazi. Barabara intera yuzuye itandukanijwe ukurikije igihe cyo kugaruka echo.

Ugomba gusuzuma ibyo bikoresho bidahuza n'ibikoresho byawe byihariye. Bakenera ikiguzi cyo hejuru cyambere cyakoreshejwe. Barasaba kandi umurongo usobanutse, usukuye-wo-kureba hejuru y'amazi hepfo. Inzitizi iyo ari yo yose imbere izatatanya ibimenyetso bya acoustic. Ariko, batanga ubudahwema 4-20mA. Ibi biguha amakuru nyayo, igihe-nyacyo cyamakuru aho kuba ibintu byoroshye-urwego rwo guhinduranya.

Urwego rwa optique rukora rutagira inenge kubintu byihariye, bito-binini. Bakoresha neza infragre yumucyo kugirango bamenye amazi ahari. Ikirahuri gito cyangwa polysulfone prism yicaye kumutwe. Iyo amazi atwikiriye prism, urumuri rwimbere ruba rwitaruye uwakiriye. Uku kutagira urumuri gukurura leta ihita. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikomeza kuba byiza kubigega bito byamazi meza. Bakora kandi bidasanzwe nkumupaka wo gutahura imbere yimbere ya kabiri.

4

Guhitamo ibyuma bikwiye birenze kure uburyo bwimbere bwimbere. Ugomba gusuzuma witonze ibintu bihuye mbere yo kwishyiriraho bwa nyuma. Abakora inganda bakunze kwita RO amazi 'amazi ashonje ' kubwimpamvu nziza. Inzira yambere yo kweza ikuraho amabuye y'agaciro ya kamere. Amazi yavuyemo arashaka gukurura ion muri yo. Bizahita bisohora ibyuma bivuye mubikoresho byubukanishi.

Ugomba kwirinda byimazeyo ibikoresho bikozwe mu muringa muri ibi bidukikije. Ntuzigere ukoresha ibyuma byo mu rwego rwo hasi bitagira ibyuma imbere muri tank ya RO ikora. Ahubwo, shyira imbere ibikoresho byimbitse kubice byose bitose. Turasaba cyane kwerekana amazu ya Polypropilene (PP) cyangwa PTFE (Teflon). Niba igipimo cyawe cyingutu gisaba icyuma, hitamo gusa 316L Icuma kitagira umuyonga. Ibi bikoresho bisumba byose birwanya imyanda ikaze kandi bikagumana amazi meza.

Gushiraho ibishushanyo nabyo byerekana guhitamo kwanyuma. Ugomba gusuzuma hejuru-kwishyiriraho kuruhande-kwishyiriraho ubwitonzi. Ongera usuzume tank yihariye ya geometrie hamwe nibidukikije byo kubungabunga. Hejuru-ya sensor ikora neza kubwimbitse, ifunganye cyane. Bakomeza insinga zoroshye kure yingaruka zishobora guterwa. Guhinduranya-kuruhande bihuza neza neza muri tank cyangwa uburebure-burebure. Baremera kandi uburyo bworoshye bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Abatekinisiye barashobora kubakorera badakuyeho ibipfundikizo biremereye, bitoroshye.

Ibitekerezo byumuriro w'amashanyarazi bikomeza kuba ingenzi mugihe cyicyiciro. Ugomba gutandukanya guhinduranya amashanyarazi make ya PLC no guhinduranya moteri ya pompe. Urubingo rusanzwe rwimbere imbere ya plastike ireremba byoroshye ibimenyetso bya 24V DC PLC. Ikoresha milliamps gusa yubu. Ariko, izahita ishonga mugihe ugerageje guhindura moteri ya pompe ya 120V AC. Imizigo iremereye ihora isaba intera ndende cyangwa imashini ikora. Buri gihe uhuze neza na verisiyo yawe ihindagurika kubikoresho byawe bikenerwa n'amashanyarazi.

5. Gushyira mubikorwa Ukuri hamwe namasomo yo Kuzamuka

Ndetse na sensor yo murwego rwohejuru irananirana iyo yashyizweho nabi. Gucunga neza ibikorwa byamazi byerekana inzitizi yawe ya mbere ikomeye. Amazi ya float hamwe na sensor optique irashobora gutombora cyane muri zone zuzuye imvururu. Kugenda kwamazi yihuse bituma sensor relay ihindagurika kandi ikazimya vuba. Uku guhinda umushyitsi kwangiza pompe zawe ziremereye kandi bitiranya abagenzuzi ba logique. Turasaba cyane gushiraho amariba atuje. Iriba ricecetse ni umuyoboro wa PVC ushyizwe hafi yumubiri wa sensor. Ituza hejuru yamazi ako kanya hafi yubushakashatsi bworoshye.

Urashobora kandi gukemura ibibazo byimivurungano ukoresheje software. Tekereza gukoresha igihe cya PLC cyo gutangira igihe muri logique yawe. Igihe cyo gutangira gihatira umugenzuzi gutegereza amasegonda make mbere yo kwemeza impinduka zifatika. Irengagiza ibimenyetso byihuse, ibimenyetso byigihe gito. Iyongerekana rya porogaramu yoroshye irinda neza gusiganwa ku magare byihuse.

Kugabanuka kwimyitozo myiza itandukanya amateur gushiraho nibikorwa byubuhanga bwumwuga. Ibikorwa remezo byingenzi buri gihe bisaba gukanika imashini. Dushyigikiye cyane uburyo bukomeye bwikoranabuhanga. Kwishingikiriza ku ngingo imwe yo gutsindwa bitumira impanuka. Shyiramo monitor ikomeza ultrasonic kubikorwa byawe byo kugenzura urwego rwibanze. Noneho, shyiramo ibyuma bikoresha imashini ireremba hejuru gato yumurongo usanzwe wuzuye. Iyimashini ya kabiri ireremba ikora nkurwego rwohejuru rwohejuru rwihutirwa. Niba sensor yibanze ya ultrasonic yananiwe burundu, kureremba birinda ikigo cyibiza kurengerwa.

Ibiteganijwe kubungabunga bigomba kuguma bifatika nubwo ibidukikije bisukuye. Amazi meza asanzwe atuma ibigega byimbere bisukuye mugihe runaka. Ariko, uracyakeneye gahunda yemewe yo kugenzura. Abatekinisiye bagomba kugenzura imashini zuzuza umubiri buri mezi atandatu. Kugenzura amakoti yose yo hanze yo kwangiza imiti cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Ugomba kandi kugenzura ibyihutirwa byihutirwa byo murwego rwohejuru. Kubasunika mukiganza kugirango umenye impuruza zumvikana. Kubungabunga ibidukikije bisaba amafaranga gusa ugereranije n’ikigo cy’umwuzure cyuzuye.

Umwanzuro

Imiyoboro ikora hamwe namazi meza RO akomeje kutabangikanya. Inzira ya osose ihindagurika ikuraho cyane ion zingirakamaro zikenewe mumashanyarazi. Kugerageza guhatira ibyuma bisanzwe bikora gukora bizana ingaruka zikorwa zitemewe. Gukoresha 'sensitivite hack ' biganisha gusa kubisoma ibinyoma, pompe zangiritse, hamwe nubutaka bwuzuye bwuzuye.

Ugomba gushyira imbere ibisubizo bihuye na fiziki kubikoresho byawe. Turagira inama cyane abashakashatsi n'abayobozi b'ibigo kugenzura ububiko bwabo bwa RO ako kanya. Menya kandi usimbuze ikibazo cyose cyananiwe gukora mbere yuko gitera sisitemu ikomeye. Kuzamura ibikorwa remezo hamwe na tekinike yizewe ireremba cyangwa sensor ya ultrasonic. Huza ibi bikoresho bishya byumwihariko kurwego rwawe rusabwa hamwe ningengo yimikorere. Gutera intambwe igaragara uyumunsi byemeza umutekano wigihe kirekire nibikorwa byiza.

Ibibazo

Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe bushobozi buke busabwa kugirango iperereza risanzwe rikorwa?

Igisubizo: Ibyinshi mubisanzwe byayobora bisaba byibura 10 kugeza 50 µS / cm kugirango bikore neza. Uru rufatiro rwemeza ko amashanyarazi ashobora gufunga icyuho cyamazi. Amazi ya osmose ahindagurika asanzwe agwa munsi yurugero, akenshi apima munsi ya 1 µS / cm, bigatuma iperereza risanzwe ridafite akamaro.

Ikibazo: Nshobora kongera sensibilité ku mugenzuzi wanjye uyobora amazi ya RO?

Igisubizo: Mugihe bamwe bayobora ibyiyumvo bihanitse bibaho, gusunika ibyiyumvo kuri byinshi bitera ihungabana rikomeye. Sisitemu ihinduka cyane kubitera ibinyoma biturutse kumyuka izamuka, korohereza tank, cyangwa gukora iperereza rito. Ntabwo ari igisubizo cyizewe cyigihe kirekire kubidukikije byinganda.

Ikibazo: Ni ukubera iki PP ireremba urwego rwahisemo kubigega bya RO?

Igisubizo: Polypropilene (PP) ni inert ya chimique. Ntabwo izasohora umwanda udashaka cyangwa ibyuma byinjira mumazi asukuye, 'ushonje ' RO. Byongeye kandi, imikorere yubukanishi ishingiye cyane kumazi. Ibi bituma irinda rwose amazi kubura amashanyarazi.

Ikibazo: Ese sensor capacitif izakora mumazi ya osmose?

Igisubizo: Yego, sensor sensor irashobora kumenya neza amazi ya RO ukoresheje urukuta rutari ibyuma. Bishingikiriza ku mpinduka za dielectric aho kuba amashanyarazi ataziguye. Ariko, barasaba kalibrasi yitonze mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Birashobora kandi kwangizwa nimpinduka zikomeye zubushyuhe bwibidukikije cyangwa ikigega kinini cyo hanze.