Ezimbonini zesimanje, amasistimu ezimoto, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasendlini, ukuqapha amazinga oketshezi kubalulekile ekuphepheni kokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza okuthembekile. Amadivayisi amabili asetshenziswa kakhulu kule njongo amaswishi amaleveli namaleveli adluliselayo. Nakuba zombili ziklanyelwe ukukala nokuqapha amazinga oketshezi noma aqinile, zisebenzisa izinjongo ezihlukene futhi zisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi kubalulekile konjiniyela, opharetha, nabaklami bohlelo ukuze bakhethe isixazululo esifanele sezidingo zabo.
A ukushintshwa kweleveli ngokuyinhloko kuyidivayisi ethola izinga lephoyinti eqalisa isenzo, njengokuvula noma ukuvala iphampu, ukuvula noma ukuvala ivalvu, noma ukwenza i-alamu isebenze lapho uketshezi oluthile noma ileveli eqinile ifinyelelwa. Ngokuphambene, isidlulisi sileveli sinikeza ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwamazinga oketshezi futhi sikhiphe isignali ye-analog noma yedijithali kumasistimu okulawula okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kukale okunembile nokuphathwa kwenqubo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izincazelo, izimiso zokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinzuzo, kanye nomehluko oyinhloko phakathi kokushintsha kwamazinga nama-transmitters ezingeni. Sizophinde futhi sinikeze isiqondiso ekukhetheni idivayisi efanele yezimboni ezithile, ezezimoto, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasendlini.
1. Ukuqonda Ukushintshwa Kwezinga
Iswishi yeleveli iyidivayisi eklanyelwe ukuthola ubukhona noma ukungabikho koketshezi noma okuqinile endaweni ethile esitsheni futhi inikeze isignali ehlukene yokuvula/yokucima. Ukushintsha kwamazinga kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yobulula, ukwethembeka, nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
1.1 Incazelo kanye nenjongo
Injongo eyinhloko yeswishi yeleveli ukuqapha uketshezi oluthile noma amaleveli aqinile nokucupha isenzo sokulawula. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwenza iphampu isebenze, ukuvala ivalvu, noma ukuqalisa i-alamu lapho okokusebenza kufinyelela kumkhawulo omncane noma omkhulu.
Ngokungafani nemishini yokulinganisa eqhubekayo, inkinobho yeleveli ithola kuphela ileveli ethile noma 'iphoyinti elimisiwe,' okuyenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukulinganisa okunembile kungabalulekile kangako kodwa ukuphepha noma ukulawula ukusebenza kubalulekile.
1.2 Ukuthi Ukushintsha Kwezinga Kusebenza Kanjani
Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kungasebenza kusetshenziswa izimiso ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza:
Ukushintsha Kweleveli Yentokozo : Sebenzisa into entantayo ekhuphukayo noma ewayo nezinga loketshezi, icuphe iswishi ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kufinyelelwa iphoyinti elimisiwe.
Ukushintsha Kwezinga Le-Capacitive : Thola izinguquko zamandla ezibangelwa ukuba khona kwezinto eziwuketshezi noma eziqinile.
Ukushintsha Kweleveli Yokubona : Sebenzisa i-refraction yokukhanya noma ukubonisa ukuze uthole ubukhona boketshezi.
Ukushintsha Kweleveli Edlidlizayo : Thola okuqinile noma uketshezi lwe-viscous olususelwe kushintsho lwemvamisa yokudlidliza.
Isici esiyinhloko sawo wonke amaswishi eleveli ukuthi anikeza okukhiphayo okuhlukene, ngokuvamile ngendlela yesignali elula VULIWE/VAMA, ebonisa ukuthi uketshezi noma okuqinile kufinyelele ezingeni elichazwe ngaphambilini.
2. Ukuqonda I-Level Transmitter
Ngenkathi inkinobho yeleveli ithola amaphuzu athile, isidlulisi sileveli sinikeza ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kwamaleveli oketshezi noma aqinile ngaphakathi kwesiqukathi. Izidluliseli zamaleveli zibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukugadwa okunembayo, ukuloga kwedatha, noma ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo.
2.1 Incazelo kanye nenjongo
I-transmitter ileveli yakhelwe ukukala izinga ngokuqhubekayo futhi ikhiphe isignali ye-analog noma yedijithali, okuvumela opharetha namasistimu ukuthi baqaphe izinga elinembile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kwenza ama-level transmitters abaluleke ekulawuleni inqubo, ukuphathwa kwe-inventory, nokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu okuzenzakalelayo.
2.2 Indlela Ama-Level Transmitters Asebenza ngayo
Amaleveli ama-transmitters angasebenza kusetshenziswa izimiso eziningi ngokuya ngezidingo zokulinganisa:
Ama-Radar Level Transmitters : Sebenzisa amasiginali we-microwave radar ukuze unqume izinga loketshezi ngokusekelwe esikhathini sokundiza.
Ama-Ultrasonic Level Transmitters : Sebenzisa amaza e-ultrasonic ukukala ibanga ukusuka kunzwa ukuya endaweni ewuketshezi.
Ama-Transmitter Asekelwe Kungcindezi : Kala ingcindezi ye-hydrostatic phansi kwethangi ukuze ubale izinga loketshezi.
I-Capacitive and Guided Wave Radar : Thola amaleveli asekelwe ekushintsheni kwamandla noma amasiginali e-radar aqondisiwe.
Ngokungafani nokushintsha kwezinga, ama-level transmitters ahlinzeka ngokuphuma okuqhubekayo, ngokuvamile njengesignali ye-analog engu-4-20 mA noma ukuxhumana kwedijithali okufana ne-HART, i-Profibus, noma i-Modbus, engasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo, ukuqapha idatha, nokuhlaziya inqubo.
3. Umehluko Obalulekile Phakathi Kwezinga Lokushintsha kanye Nesidlulisi Sezinga
Yize womabili amaswishi amaleveli namaleveli adlulisa amaleveli asetshenziselwa ukuqapha amazinga oketshezi noma aqinile, asebenza ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene futhi asebenza ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile ekukhetheni idivayisi efanele yohlelo lokusebenza oluthile, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, nokwethembeka.
3.1 Umphumela Wesiginali
Isici |
Ukushintsha Izinga |
I-Level Transmitter |
Uhlobo Lwesiginali |
Okuhlukile (KUVULIWE/KUVALIWE) |
Okuqhubekayo (I-Analog/Digital) |
Lawula Isenzo |
Icupha ama-alamu, amaphampu, ama-valve |
Inikeza idatha yokulinganisa enembile |
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-PLC |
Inomkhawulo |
Ihlanganiswe kalula nezinhlelo zokulawula |
Ukushintsha kweleveli kunikeza isignali ehlukile, okusho ukuthi zivele zibonise ukuthi uketshezi noma okuqinile kufinyelele endaweni ethile. Lesi siginali VULIWE/VAMA sanele ukuqalisa amaphampu, ama-valve, noma ama-alamu, okuwenza afaneleke ezinhlelweni zokuphepha kanye ne-automation elula.
Abadlulisi bezinga, ngokuphambene, banikela ngokuphuma kwesignali okuqhubekayo, kungaba i-analog (isb, 4–20 mA) noma idijithali (isb, i-HART, i-Modbus), ehlinzeka ngesilinganiso esinembile, sesikhathi sangempela sezinga loketshezi noma eliqinile. Le datha eqhubekayo ingasetshenziselwa ukulawula inqubo ethuthukisiwe, ukuqapha uhlu, noma ukuhlanganiswa namasistimu azenzakalelayo ukuze kuhlaziywe kabanzi.
3.2 Uhlobo Lokulinganisa
Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kuklanyelwe ukutholwa kwezinga lephoyinti, okusho ukuthi baqapha kuphela ukuthi umkhawulo othile ufinyelelwe yini—ubuncane, ubuningi, noma iphoyinti elimaphakathi elithile. Abanikezi ulwazi mayelana namazinga phakathi kwalawa maphuzu asethiwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaleveli ama-transmitters ahlinzeka ngesilinganiso sezinga eliqhubekayo, enikeza opharetha noma amasistimu azenzakalelayo isithombe esiphelele sevolumu yoketshezi noma eqinile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphathwa kwenqubo okunembayo kanye nokwenziwa kwezinqumo ngokusekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela enembile.
3.3 Izicelo
Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphepha nokuvikela, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela ukuchichima, ukuvikela okusebenzayo okomile, noma izexwayiso zezinga eliphansi. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe ezimeni ezilula zokuzenzakalela lapho kudingeka khona ukulawula UKUVULIWA/KUVALIWE kuphela.
Ama-level transmitters asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengokulawula inqubo, ukuphathwa kwe-inventory, kanye nezinhlelo ezidinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo. Zibalulekile uma ukunemba, ukuqoshwa kwedatha, nokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka.
3.4 Ubunkimbinkimbi kanye Nezindleko
Izidluliseli zamaleveli ngokuvamile ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ziyabiza ngenxa yamakhono azo okulinganisa aqhubekayo, izinketho ezithuthukisiwe zokuxhumana kwedijithali, nokunemba okuphezulu. Ngokuphambene, amaleveli amaswishi alula, kulula ukuwafaka nokuyinakekela, futhi abiza kakhulu, okuwenza alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka ukuqapha okuyisisekelo kuphela noma ukuvikela ukuphepha.
4. Isetshenziswa nini i-Level Switch vs. I-Level Transmitter
Ukukhetha phakathi kweswishi yeleveli nesidluliseli sileveli kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
4.1 Ukuphepha Nokuvikela
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho inhloso eyinhloko kuwukuvimbela ukuchichima, ukusebenza komile, noma ukulimala kwesistimu, ukushintshwa kweleveli kulungile. Isignali yayo yokuvula/Ukuvala yanele ukwenza amaphampu, ama-valve, noma ama-alamu asebenze.
4.2 Ukulawula Inqubo kanye Nokuqapha
Lapho kudingeka ukulinganisa okunembile koketshezi, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo, isidlulisi sezinga siyisinqumo esikhethwayo. Ivumela opharetha ukuthi balandelele amazinga aqondile, benze izinguquko zenqubo, futhi baqoqe idatha ukuze ihlaziywe.
4.3 Imihlahlandlela yokukhetha
Izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe zihlanganisa:
Uhlobo lwe-Fluid : Iyaqhuba, iyagqwala, i-viscous, noma i-particle.
Ubude Bethangi : Amathangi amade angase adinge izinhlobo ezithile zokudlulisela ukuze kube nokunemba.
Ukunemba Kwesilinganiso : Ukutholwa kwephoyinti ngokumelene nokulinganisa okuqhubekayo.
Izidingo Zokuhlanganisa : Isidingo sokulawula okuzenzakalelayo nokuloga kwedatha.
5. Izinzuzo Zokushintsha Kwezinga
Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi mayelana nobulula, ukwethembeka, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
5.1 Ukuphepha Nokuthembeka
Ukushintsha kwezinga kunikeza ukutholwa kwezinga lephoyinti okuthembekile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphampu nama-valve asebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele ephephile, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini kanye nokwehluleka kwesistimu.
5.2 Ukufakeka Kalula Nokunakekela
Lawa madivayisi ngokuvamile aminyene, adinga izintambo ezincane, futhi kulula ukuzifaka. Ukunakekela kuqondile, okubenza bafanelekele izindawo lapho ukunakwa njalo kungenzeki khona.
5.3 Ukusebenza Kwezindleko
Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kubiza kancane kunamadivayisi okulinganisa aqhubekayo, anikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo sezidingo eziyisisekelo zokuqapha nokuvikela ngaphandle kokufaka engcupheni ukuphepha.
6. Izinzuzo zama-Level Transmitters
Ama-level transmitters ahlinzeka ngokunemba, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokulawula zesimanje, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezithuthukile.
6.1 Ukulinganisa Okuqhubekayo
Inikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela yoketshezi noma yeleveli eqinile, evumela opharetha ukuthi baqaphe amathrendi, babone okudidayo, futhi baphendule ngokushesha izinguquko.
6.2 Ukuzenzakalela kanye Nokudidiyela
Izidluliseli ezingeni zingahlanganiswa nama-PLC, izinhlelo ze-SCADA, noma izixazululo zokuqapha ezikude, okuvumela ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele nokuphathwa kwenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi.
6.3 Ukunemba Okuphezulu Nokuvumelana nezimo
Amaleveli athutha izilinganiso aletha izilinganiso ezinembile ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene futhi angashintshwa ukuze asetshenziswe uketshezi oluhlukene, osayizi bamathangi, noma izimo zemvelo, anikeze izixazululo eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi.
7. Isiphetho
Kafushane, ukushintshwa kweleveli kulungele ukutholwa kwezinga lephoyinti, ukuhlinzeka ngezimpawu ezilula ZOKUVULIWA/ ZIVALWE ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha nokokusebenza, kuyilapho isidlulisi sezinga sinikeza ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo ngokuphuma kwe-analog noma kwedijithali, okuvumela ukuqapha okunembile, ukulawula inqubo, nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo. Ukukhetha idivayisi efanele kuncike kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile, ukunemba okudingekayo, nezidingo zesistimu.
Ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezinokwethenjelwa, ukushintsha kwezinga kunikeza izixazululo eziphumelelayo, ezingabizi. Ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo nokulawulwa kwenqubo okuthuthukisiwe, izidluliseli zeleveli ziletha ukunemba okuphezulu nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo. Konjiniyela, ama-opharetha, nabaklami besistimu abafuna ukuqondiswa kochwepheshe, imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, noma izisombululo eziqondene nawe, Ukulinganisa kwenkampani Bluefin Sensor Technologies Limited inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zamadivayisi athembekile okuthola izinga loketshezi. Ithimba labo lingasiza ekuhlonzeni iswishi yezinga elifanele kakhulu noma isidluliseli sezidingo zakho zokusebenza, siqinisekise ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, zezimoto, nezasendlini.
8. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe iswishi yeleveli ingangena esikhundleni sesidlulisi sileveli?
Cha. Ukushintsha kwamaleveli kulungele ukutholwa kwezinga lephoyinti kodwa akukwazi ukunikeza idatha yeleveli eqhubekayo.
Ingabe ama-level transmitter ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuphepha?
Bangakwazi, kodwa injongo yabo eyinhloko ukuqapha okuqhubekayo; ama-alamu angeziwe angase adingeke.
Iyiphi eyonga kakhulu?
Amaleveli okushintsha ngokuvamile awabizi kakhulu futhi kulula ukuwanakekela, alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo.
Ingabe zombili izisetshenziswa zingasetshenziswa ndawonye?
Yebo. Ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukushintshwa kwezinga kunganikeza ukuvikeleka kokuphepha, kuyilapho isidlulisi sezinga sinikeza ukuqapha okunembile.
Ungakhetha kanjani phakathi kwe-level switch kanye ne-level transmitter?
Cabangela uhlobo loketshezi, izimfuneko zokunemba, indawo yokufaka, nokuthi ukutholwa kwephoyinti noma ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka.
