Amasistimu wamanzi ezimboni adinga amathuluzi ahlala isikhathi eside, anembe angasebenza ezindaweni ezinzima ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ukuphepha noma ukusebenza kahle. Ukukhetha isilawuli samanzi sezimboni esifanele ukushintshwa kwezinga kuyisinqumo esibalulekile sonjiniyela namathimba okuthenga asebenza ezindaweni zokwelapha, iziteshi zokumpompa, nasemachibini. Kwa-Bluefin Sensor Technologies Limited, sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni izixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa zenzwa yezinga kanye ne-float-switch ezihlangabezana namazinga aqine kakhulu embonini, siqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokungaguquguquki ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi kamasipala nezimboni.
Yiziphi izinqubo zezimboni ezidinga ekushintsheni izinga
Ingqalasizinda yamanzi yezimboni yakhelwe ukusiza izigidi zabantu namabhizinisi. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa, ukuchichima, noma ukwehluleka kwephampu kungaholela ekunciphiseni isikhathi esibizayo, izinhlawulo zokulawula, noma ukukhathazeka kokuphepha. Ukushintsha ileveli kungaphezu nje kwedivayisi elula yokuvula/yokuvala — iyindlela yokuphepha okufanele imelane nokusebenza okuqhubekayo futhi inikeze idatha ethembekile yabaqhubi bemishini.
Isikhathi sokuphumula esiqhubekayo, ukuziphatha okungaphumeleli, ukuphindaphinda, ukuqapha okukude
Emachibini kanye nezindawo zokwelashwa, ukushintsha kwamaleveli kulindeleke ukuthi kusebenze ubusuku nemini ngokulungiswa okuncane. Idizayini engaphumeleli ibalulekile - okusho ukuthi iswishi kufanele icuphe ama-alamu noma amasistimu ayisipele uma kwenzeka iphutha. I-redundancy ingenye imfuneko eyinhloko. Imvamisa, ukucushwa kwamaswishi okuntantayo okumbaxambili kusezingeni eliphezulu neliphansi kusetshenziselwa ukwakha izendlalelo zokuphepha ezigqagqene, ukuvimbela amaphampu ukuthi asebenzise amathangi omile noma agcwala ngokweqile. Ngokukhulayo, izikhungo ziphinde zifune amandla okuqapha okukude, okuvumela amasistimu e-SCADA ukuthi abonise izimo zezinga ngesikhathi sangempela futhi avumele ukugcinwa kokubikezela.
Izicelo ezivamile: amadamu, imibhoshongo, izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi
Izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi zithembele ekuqaphelweni okunembayo kweleveli ezigabeni eziningi, kusukela emathangeni okudosa amakhemikhali kuya emigqonyeni yokukhipha inzika. Amadamu nemibhoshongo yamanzi, evamise ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu, kudinga amaswishi aqinile amelana ne-UV, ukungcola, nezimo zamanzi ezishintshashintshayo. Esimeni ngasinye, ukushintshwa kweleveli yezinga lezimboni kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphampu, ama-valve, nama-alamu asabela ngesikhathi esifanele, avikele kokubili ingqalasizinda kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi.
Izinhlobo zokushintshwa kweleveli zokusetshenziswa kwezimboni: okuhle nokubi
Abathengi bezimboni banezinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokushintsha izinga abangakhetha kubo. Ukukhetha kuncike endaweni yethangi, izidingo zokulawula, nezidingo zokuhlanganisa.
Ukushintshwa kwe-Float (iphuzu) — okulula, okuqinile, izindleko eziphansi
Ukushintsha kwezinto ezintantayo kuhlala kungesinye sezixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokulawula amanzi ezimbonini. Asebenza ngomshini ngokukhuphuka noma ukuwa ne-liquid surface, avule iswishi ezindaweni ezichazwe ngaphambilini. Ukuba lula kwazo kuzenza zingabizi kakhulu, zifakeke kalula, futhi zilungele kokubili amachibi avulekile kanye namathangi enqubo evaliwe. Imiklamo yokushintsha izinga eliphezulu lethangi lamanzi ivame kakhulu, njengoba inikeza ukufakwa okuqondile kanye nezintambo ezincane. Nakuba izinto ezintantayo zihlala isikhathi eside, zingadinga ukuhlanzwa emathangeni athambekele ekubeni ne-sediment noma i-biofilm buildup.
I-elekthronikhi (i-capacitance, conductivity, ultrasonic, radar) — lapho inzwa eqhubekayo noma engathintani nayo idingeka
Ukushintsha kwezinga le-elekthronikhi kunikeza izinketho zokulinganisa ezithuthukisiwe. Amamodeli we-Capacitance kanye ne-conductivity asebenza kahle oketshezini lwe-conductive, kuyilapho izinzwa ze-ultrasonic ne-radar zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaxhunywanga lapho ukungcola, igwebu, noma amakhemikhali anolaka kukhathazeka khona. Lobu buchwepheshe buletha idatha yezinga eliqhubekayo, hhayi nje amasiginali wokuvula/ukuvala, okubaluleke kakhulu kubaqhubi abasebenzisa izinqubo ezilawulwa yi-SCADA. Okubi yizindleko eziphakeme kanye nesidingo sokufakwa okukhethekile nokulinganisa, kodwa ezinhlelweni ezibucayi ezifana namathangi okugcina amakhemikhali, ngokuvamile amelela isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sesikhathi eside.
Ukushintsha kwengcindezi/i-diaphragm kumathangi angcwatshwe noma ukuqapha okukude
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukufinyelela okuqondile kunzima khona - njengamadamu angaphansi komhlaba noma amathangi okugcina akude - ukucindezela noma ukushintsha kwe-diaphragm kungaba inketho enhle kakhulu. Bazwa izinga loketshezi ngokungaqondile ngomfutho we-hydrostatic, okubenza basebenzise izinto ezihlukahlukene ezindaweni eziyinselele. Le ndlela inciphisa izingxenye zemishini ngaphakathi kwethangi futhi inciphise ukuchayeka ekungcoleni. Kodwa-ke, ukulinganisa ukuminyana koketshezi kubalulekile, futhi izixazululo ezisekelwe kwingcindezi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa njengengxenye yesu lokuqapha elinezingqimba.
Izilinganiso zokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali, izitifiketi nendawo
Abathengi bezimboni kufanele badlulele ngale kohlobo lokushintshwa oluyisisekelo futhi bacabangele izimo ezithile zesayithi yokufaka. Ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye namazinga wokunikeza izitifiketi kudlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni impilo ende yesevisi nokuhambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto (SS316 vs plastics), ukuvunyelwa kwendawo eyingozi
Emathangeni aqukethe amakhemikhali noma amanzi ahlanziwe, ukuhambisana phakathi kwezinto zokushintsha nokuqukethwe okuwuketshezi akunakuphikiswana ngakho. Insimbi engagqwali 316 inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu futhi ifanele ukucwiliswa isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinolaka. Amapulastiki afana ne-PVC noma i-PP angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamanzi ezingenalo ulaka lapho ukufaneleka kwezindleko kuyisici. Ezindaweni eziyingozi - ngokwesibonelo, izindawo zokwelapha eziphatha izithasiselo ezivuthayo - izimvume ezingaqhumi noma eziphephile ziyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe kokubili izisebenzi nengqalasizinda.
Izilinganiso ze-IP, izinga lokushisa, i-UV nokucatshangelwa kokungcola
Izimo zemvelo nazo kufanele zibhekwe. Amaswishi afakwe kuma-reservoir angaphandle kumele amelane nokuchayeka kwe-UV, izinga lokushisa elidlulele, kanye noqweqwe olungaba khona. Ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwamanzi, izilinganiso ze-IP ephezulu (ezifana ne-IP68) ziqinisekisa ukuvikeleka ekungeneni kwamanzi. Ukungcolisa, ulwelwe, nokwakheka kwenhlabathi kuyizinselelo eziqhubekayo kungqalasizinda yamanzi, ngakho-ke amaswishi anezindawo ezibushelelezi, okulula ukuzihlanzeka kanye nezingubo zokulwa nezinti kuvame ukuthandwa.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezilawuli zezitshalo nokuvikelwa kwephampu
Ukukhetha iswishi elungile kuhlanganisa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingaxhumana ngempumelelo nohlelo olubanzi lokulawula. Abathengi bezimboni kufanele babeke phambili imikhiqizo esekela izinhlobo eziningi zamasignali namazinga okusebenza.
Izinhlobo zesiginali nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-SCADA/PLC
Iswishi yesimanje yokulawula amanzi ezimbonini kufanele ihambisane nenkundla ye-SCADA kanye ne-PLC. Izinketho zifaka othintana nabo abalula bokulawula ukudluliswa kwemali okuqondile, ukuphuma kwe-analogi engu-4–20 mA kokuqapha okulinganayo, nokuxhumana kwedijithali ukuze kuhlanganiswe ezinhlelweni zokulawula ezithuthukile. Ukukhetha ifomethi yesignali efanele kuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kungqalasizinda yezitshalo ekhona, kunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza.
Amaphethini okuphelelwa umsebenzi kanye nokulandelana kwe-alamu
Ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa, abathengi kufanele bacabangele ukungafuneki kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-alamu. Isistimu eklanywe kahle ingase ihlanganise ukushintsha okuningi ezindaweni eziphakeme zethangi, iqinisekisa izibangeli ezihlukene zama-alamu endawo, ama-alamu esitshalo esibanzi, nokulawula iphampu okuzenzakalelayo. Ukucushwa kokushintsha okubili - isibonelo, i-float switch yezinga eliphezulu nelezinga eliphansi efakwe ethangini elilodwa - inikeza inetha yokuphepha eyengeziwe, evikela kokubili amaphampu namathangi okugcina ekuhlulekeni okungalindelekile.
Uhlu lokuhlola lokukhetha kanye nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuthenga
Ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezimbonini kubalulekile, ukukhetha nokuthenga iswishi yeleveli kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela. Amaqembu okuthenga kufanele adlulele ngalé kokuqhathaniswa kwentengo futhi ahlole ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside, ukusekelwa kwesevisi, nokulawulwa kobungozi.
Izinhlelo zokuhlola, inqubomgomo eyisipele, izinkontileka zokunakekela, izivivinyo zokwamukela
Ngaphambi kokuphothula ukuthenga, kuyatuseka ukuthi ucele izinhlelo zokuhlola noma izitifiketi kumkhiqizi, okufakazela ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zokusebenza. Ukugcina inqubomgomo eyisipele kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintsha okubalulekile kungashintshwa ngokushesha phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo. Izikhungo eziningi ziphinde zenze izinkontileka zokulungisa nabahlinzeki ukuze zibhekele ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukulinganisa kabusha, kanye nezingxenye ezishintshayo. Okokugcina, ukuhlolwa kokwamukela ekulethweni kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye isebenza njengoba kulindelekile ngaphambi kokuthi ifakwe kusayithi.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha ilungelo ukushintsha kwezinga lokulawula amanzi ezimbonini kungaphezu kokukhetha idivayisi — kumayelana nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuqhubekayo kwengqalasizinda ebalulekile esekela imiphakathi nezimboni. Kwa-Bluefin Sensor Technologies Limited, sinikeza uhla olugcwele lwezisombululo ezintantayo, zikagesi, nezisekelwe kungcindezi, ezakhiwe ngezinto eziqinile, ezihlolwe ngokwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ezilungele ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SCADA okungenamthungo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngamadamu, imibhoshongo, noma izitshalo zokwelashwa, amaswishi ethu aklanyelwe ukumelana nezindawo ezinokhahlo futhi alethe ukusebenza okuhlulekayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngemikhiqizo yethu noma ukucela imininingwane yedatha kanye nezitifiketi zokuthobela imithetho, xhumana nathi namuhla.
