Kuzindikira kwamadzi amadzimadzi kumagwira ntchito yofunikira pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana - kuyambira matanki amafuta agalimoto kupita ku zotengera zamafakitale kupita kumalo osungira zida zapanyumba. Pamene chipangizo monga a kusintha kwa mlingo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muwone ngati thanki ili yodzaza kapena yopanda kanthu, mungayembekezere kuti kusinthaku kudzakhala kolondola bwanji? Ili ndiye funso lofunika kwambiri lomwe timayang'ana m'nkhaniyi: Kodi masiwichi amalondola bwanji?
Tidzafotokoza zomwe 'kulondola' kumatanthauza pakusintha kwamlingo, kuyang'ana matekinoloje ndi mitundu yosinthira masinthidwe ndi momwe kulondola kumasiyanirana pakati pawo, tifufuze zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kulondola, kuwunikanso kulondola kwazomwe zimafunikira, ndikupereka malangizo othandiza kukulitsa kulondola mudongosolo lanu. Pamapeto pake mudzakhala mukumvetsetsa bwino zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera posankha kusintha kwa msinkhu - komanso momwe mungatsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito momwe ikufunikira.
1. Kumvetsetsa Kulondola kwa Kusintha kwa Mulingo
1.1 Kodi Kulondola Kumatanthauza Chiyani pa Kusintha Kwa Level
Tikamakamba za kulondola kwa kusintha kwa mlingo, timanena za momwe chipangizochi chimazindikirira modalirika malo (malo) ndikutulutsa chizindikiro choyenera pamene madzi (kapena zinthu) afika pamenepo. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zingapo:
Kubwerezabwereza - momwe ma activation otsatizana amayenderana motsatizana ndi zomwezo.
Kulekerera / kupatuka - kutali bwanji ndi malo omwe mwadzina kuti kutsegulira kwenikweni kumachitika.
Hysteresis - kusiyana pakati pa activation (kukwera msinkhu) ndi deactivation (kutsika mlingo), zomwe zingakhudze kulondola kogwira mtima.
Nthawi yoyankhira komanso kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono - makamaka m'makina odzichitira momwe nthawi imafunikira.
M'malo ambiri osinthira mfundo, chipangizochi chimangofunika kuzindikira kuti pali malire (ON / OFF) m'malo moyesa mosalekeza-koma ngakhale pa ntchitoyi, kulondola kumafunika. M'makina apamwamba kwambiri pomwe ziwopsezo zingapo kapena kuzindikirika kwapang'onopang'owe awo olimba amalola kuwunika mosadukiza kuchuluka kwa madzi m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, kuyambira madamu akunja kupita ku matanki og'makina apamwamba kwambiri pomwe ziwopsezo zingapo kapena kuzindikirika kwapang'onopang'owe awo olimba amalola kuwunika mosadukiza kuchuluka kwa madzi m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, kuyambira madamu akunja kupita ku matanki ogwiritsira ntchito m'nyumba. Amathandiziranso kukolola kwa madzi a mvula ndi makina obwezeretsanso madzi, ndikupereka njira yosavuta koma yodalirika yolondolera momwe madzi amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kukhathamiritsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka madzi pomanga nyumba ndi mafakitale.
1.2 Chifukwa Chiyani Kulondola Kuli Kofunikira
Kulondola kwa kusintha kwa mlingo sikungokhudza maphunziro chabe-kumakhala ndi zotsatira zenizeni:
M'makina ofunikira pachitetezo, kusintha kolakwika kungayambitse kudzaza, kuwuma, kutayikira kapena kuwononga chilengedwe.
M'makina owongolera okha, chizindikiro cholakwika chimatha kuyambitsa mayankho osayenera, kukhudza magwiridwe antchito kapena moyo wa zida.
Pofufuza katundu ndi katundu (monga kusungirako mafuta, matanki amankhwala), kuzindikirika kwa mlingo molakwika kumabweretsa kuwerengera kolakwika kwa voliyumu ndipo kumatha kukhudza ma metric abizinesi.
Pokonza ndi kudalirika, kusinthana ndi kutsegula kosatsimikizika kungayambitse mavuto pafupipafupi kapena ma alarm abodza, kuchulukirachulukira ndi mtengo.
Chifukwa cha zonsezi, posankha kusintha kwa msinkhu munthu sayenera kuwunika zomwe zimatchulidwa, komanso zenizeni zenizeni pansi pa zomwe akufuna.
2. Mitundu ya Kusintha kwa Ma Level ndi Kulondola Kwake Kwake
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masinthidwe amasinthidwe imapereka milingo yolondola yosiyana. Pansipa tiwona matekinoloje angapo odziwika ndikukambirana zolondola zomwe munthu angayembekezere.
2.1 Kusintha kwa Float
Chosinthira chamtundu wa zoyandama chimagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chowoneka bwino chomwe chimayenda ndi mulingo wamadzimadzi ndikuyatsa chosinthira chikafika polowera. Zimango komanso zosavuta, zida izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pozindikira ON/OFF.
Zolondola zenizeni: Chifukwa cha kulolerana kwa makina, kusuntha kwa zoyandama, kusokonezeka kwamadzimadzi, malo okwera, ndi kusintha kwa hysteresis, kulondola kungakhale kosiyana ndi mamilimita angapo mpaka masentimita malinga ndi kukula kwa thanki ndi kukhazikitsa.
Kukwanira: Zabwino kwambiri pamapulogalamu osavuta pomwe mulingo umodzi (monga ma alarm apamwamba, kupopera kwapampu) ndikofunikira ndipo kulondola kwambiri sikofunikira.
2.2 Capacitive Level Kusintha
Ma switch a capacitive level amazindikira kusintha kwa capacitance chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa madzi kapena zinthu pa probe. Masensawa amatha kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri kuti azindikire malo okhazikika ndipo amatha kulondola kwambiri komanso kumva bwino kuposa masiwichi osavuta amakina.
Kulondola kwenikweni: Zida izi zitha kuzindikirika mulingo wa millimeter ngati zili zabwino.
Kukwanira: Zothandiza m'malo omwe sing'angayo ndi yosasinthasintha, komanso komwe kumayenera kukhala kolondola kwambiri kapena magawo angapo.
2.3 Mawonekedwe a Optical & Vibrating / Tuning Fork Level Switches
Zosinthazi zimagwiritsa ntchito mawoptical sensing (prism kapena nsonga yomwe imasintha mawonekedwe amadzimadzi ikalumikizana nayo) kapena ma probes onjenjemera (foloko yomwe imasintha kugwedezeka ikamizidwa). Nthawi zambiri amakhala osalumikizana (kapena osalumikizana pang'ono), ndipo amakonda kuchita bwino pama media ovuta kwambiri.
Kulondola kwenikweni: Chifukwa cha kukhudzika kwawo komanso kukhazikika, masiwichi amatha kupirira molimba kwambiri (sikelo ya millimita) ndipo ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kudalirika kwambiri komanso kulondola.
Kukwanira: Zabwino pazakumwa zaukali (mankhwala, mafuta), malo otulutsa thovu kapena osokonekera, kapena pomwe zomverera zosalumikizana sizimakonda.
2.4 Kusintha kwa Magawo a Conductive / Rotary Paddle
Ngakhale kuti zamadzimadzi ndizochepa kwambiri m'mapulogalamu ena, ma switch opangira (electrode) ndi masiwichi a paddle pazambiri zolimba amagweranso paukadaulo wosinthira. Kulondola pazochitikazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa zinthu komanso kusinthana.
Kulondola kwake: Pa ma switch a ma elekitirodi, kulolerana kwa ma electrode kungadalire kukhathamiritsa kwamadzi, kukhudzana kwamadzi, ndi geometry ya tank - kotero 'kulondola' kungakhale kokulirapo.
Kukwanira: Zambiri pakuzindikira kuchuluka (kwapamwamba/kutsika), kapena zolimba m'malo moyezera molondola zamadzimadzi.
2.5 Mwachidule Table: Zolondola Zodziwika ndi Mtundu
Mtundu wa Kusintha kwa Level |
Kulondola Kwambiri / Kulekerera |
Ubwino waukulu |
Zochepa Zodziwika |
Kusintha kwa Float |
Mamilimita ochepa mpaka masentimita kutengera kukwera |
Zosavuta, zotsika mtengo |
Zochepa zolondola, zida zamakina, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuyenda kwamadzimadzi |
Capacitive Level Switch |
Mulingo wa mamilimita pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino |
High tilinazo, chosinthika |
Pamafunika ma calibration, media iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana |
Optical / Vibrating / Tuning Fork |
Millimeter sikelo, kubwereza kwakukulu |
Kulumikizana kochepa, kumagwira ntchito muzofalitsa zovuta |
Kukwera mtengo, kungafune kuyika kwaukadaulo |
Conductive / Paddle Level Switch |
Kulekerera kwakukulu (cm+) kwa zakumwa kapena zolimba |
Yamphamvu kwa zolimba kapena ntchito zambiri |
Kutsika mwatsatanetsatane, kudalira kwambiri media |
3. Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kulondola kwa Kusintha kwa Ma Level
Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo kumagwira ntchito paokha; zinthu zenizeni zenizeni zimakhudza momwe zidzakhalire zolondola pochita. Kumvetsetsa ndi kuwongolera zinthu izi ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
3.1 Zokhudzana ndi Kuyika
Malo okwera : Kodi chosinthiracho chimakhala chokwera, chokwera pamwamba, chopendekeka? Kupatuka kuchokera kumayendedwe abwino kumasintha malo abwino.
Tank geometry ndi mawonekedwe : Zotsika pansi, zotengera zopapatiza, zokwera zosafikirika zimakhudza madzi enieni okhudzana ndi malo omvera.
Kuyenda kwamadzimadzi, chipwirikiti kapena chipwirikiti : Ngati madzi asokonekera (mafunde, thovu, jets) chosinthiracho chimatha kuwona ma activation abodza kapena kuchedwetsa kuyambitsa.
Kuchotsa ndi zotchinga : Zoyandama zimatha kugunda makoma kapena kuwonongeka; zofufuza zonjenjemera zitha kutsekeka.
Zofunikira kukhalabe bwino kapena chishango : M'mawu osokonekera, chitsime choyimitsa chimatha kukhazikika pamalo omvera.
3.2 Zinthu Zachilengedwe
Kutentha ndi kupanikizika : Izi zimakhudza zida za sensa, zamagetsi, kachulukidwe koyandama, ndi makina osinthira.
Katundu wamadzimadzi : Kachulukidwe, dielectric constant, opacity, thovu, mpweya wolowetsedwa, zolimba zoyimitsidwa - zonse zimasintha mayankhidwe a sensa kapena 'surface' yogwira ntchito.
Makanema owononga kapena aukali : Kuvala kwanthawi yayitali kapena zokutira kumatha kusokoneza kulondola. Mapangidwe a sensa ayenera kufanana ndi media.
Phokoso lamagetsi / kusokoneza : Pa zosinthira zamagetsi, phokoso limatha kuyambitsa ma siginecha abodza kapena kubisa poyambira kwenikweni.
Kugwedezeka kwamakina kapena kugwedezeka : Zoyandama kapena maulalo amakina amatha kusuntha, kutsitsa kapena kusokoneza.
3.3 Mapangidwe a Sensor ndi Zida
Zipangizo zomangira : Kukula koyandama / zinthu kumakhudza kuthamanga, kugwedezeka; ma probe ayenera kukana kuyipitsa, kupaka, dzimbiri.
Makina osinthira : Kulumikizana kwamakina kungakhale ndi kulolerana kwakukulu kuposa masensa olimba; mtundu wamagetsi ukhoza kupereka kusamvana bwino.
Mawerengedwe ndi kulolerana : Kulekerera kwa wopanga (mwachitsanzo, ± 5 mm) kumakhazikitsa maziko. Popanda calibration cholakwika chenicheni chingakhale chachikulu.
Kubwerezabwereza motsutsana ndi kulondola : Kusinthana kungathe kutsegulidwa modalirika panthawi yomweyi (kubwerezabwereza) koma kungathebe kuchotsedwa ku malo odziwika bwino (kulondola).
Hysteresis and dead band : Kukula kwa hysteresis, m'pamenenso 'zowona' zoyambitsa kukhazikitsa zidzakhalire.
3.4 Kuwongolera & Kusamalira
Kulondola kudzawonongeka pakapita nthawi ngati kuwongolera ndi kukonza sikunyalanyazidwa. Zochita zina zazikulu:
Khazikitsani gawo lolozera ndikutsimikizira malo enieni otsegulira nthawi ndi nthawi.
Chotsani ndi kuyang'ana makina osinthira kuti awononge, kuvula kapena kuwonongeka.
Tsimikizirani kutulutsa kwamagetsi ndikuyerekeza motsutsana ndi zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa.
Yang'aniraninso ngati kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwapezeka kapena pambuyo pa kusintha kwapakatikati.
Sungani zolemba zamachitidwe ndi zopotoka kuti muyembekezere kukonza.
3.5 Kuyika Zonse Pamodzi
M'malo abwino kwambiri - okhala ndi kuyika bwino, madzi odekha, zowulutsa zosasinthika, zida zolondola, ndikusintha pafupipafupi - kusintha kwapamwamba kumatha kuyandikira kulondola kwa millimeter. Koma m'mafakitale enieni kapena ntchito zam'munda, kulondola kwenikweni kumakhala kokulirapo chifukwa cha kulolerana kowonjezereka, kupatuka kokwera, mphamvu zamadzimadzi komanso chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, pofotokoza kusintha kwa mulingo, muyenera kuwona kulondola osati monga gawo la gawo, koma monga kulondola kwadongosolo - kuwerengera zinthu zonsezi.
4. Zofunikira Zolondola M'mapulogalamu Osiyanasiyana
4.1 Kuwunika kwa Mafuta a Magalimoto
M'magalimoto apagalimoto kapena apamsewu waukulu, chosinthiracho chimatha kuyang'anira mafuta, mafuta kapena malo ozizira. Zofunikira zikuphatikiza: kukana kugwedezeka, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, kusintha kopendekeka / ngodya, kukhazikitsa kophatikizika, komanso kudalirika kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri kusinthaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochenjeza m'malo mowerengera voliyumu yeniyeni, kotero kulolerana kolondola kumatha kukhala makumi a mamilimita. Kuti muphatikizire ma gauge apamwamba, kulondola kwapamwamba kungafunike.
4.2 Matanki a mafakitale ndi ma Gensets
M'matanki amafuta amafuta akumafakitale, mosungiramo madzi/mafuta osungira mafuta, ndi zombo zopangira mafuta, kulondola kumafuna kukhwimitsa zinthu. Kupewsor
4.3 Zida Zanyumba ndi Matanki Ang'onoang'ono
Pazida zapakhomo - makina ochapira, zofewetsa madzi, akasinja operekera madzi - chosinthira chaching'ono chimagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera mosavuta ON/OFF. Kulondola kofunikira ndi kochepa, mwinamwake mu dongosolo la masentimita. Kudalirika ndi kutsika mtengo kumalamulira m'malo molunjika kwambiri. Kusintha koyandama kokwera bwino nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwanira pano.
4.4 Mwachidule: Kukhazikitsa Chiyembekezo Cholondola Cholondola
Pofotokoza kusintha kwa msinkhu, ndi bwino kufunsa:
Kodi kupatuka koipitsitsa kovomerezeka ndi kotani (mu mm kapena % ya kutalika kwa thanki) kuti njirayo ikhale yotetezeka kapena yothandiza?
Kodi zotulutsazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati alamu wamba, kapena poyezera voliyumu yeniyeni kapena makina odzipangira okha?
Ndi zovuta ziti za chilengedwe, zowulutsa kapena zokwera zomwe zingawononge kulondola?
Mwa kugwirizanitsa chiyembekezero cholondola ndi kufunikira kwa ntchito (ndi kuvomereza 'dongosolo' kulondola kwenikweni m'malo mwa gawo labwino), mutha kusankha masiwichi omwe akugwirizana ndi ntchitoyo popanda kuwononga ndalama zambiri.
5. Malangizo Okulitsa Kulondola kwa Kusintha kwa Level
Sankhani ukadaulo wolondola : Kuti muwone bwino, sankhani masensa oyenererana ndi apakati komanso chilengedwe.
Ikani mosamala : Tsatirani malangizo opanga, pewani chipwirikiti, kuwaza kapena thovu.
Fananizani zida ndi media : Onetsetsani kuti zikugwirizana ndi mankhwala ndi kutentha.
Bweretsani kulolerana kwa kukhazikitsa kutchuthi : Yezerani malo enieni, chifukwa cha machitidwe amadzimadzi.
Sanjani ndi kuyesa : Tsimikizirani malo otsegulira mutatha kuyika komanso nthawi ndi nthawi.
Sungani zolemba : Onani ngati zawonongeka, zovala, ndi kuwonongeka kwa zamagetsi.
Lumikizanani ndi ogulitsa : Perekani tsatanetsatane wa zothetsera makonda.
Konzekerani kulondola kwadongosolo nikira pachitetezo, kusintha kolakwika kungayambitse kudzaza, kuwuma, kutayikira kapena kuwononga chilengedwe.
6. Mapeto
Kulondola kwa kusintha kwa mlingo kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika, kuphatikizapo ukadaulo wa sensa , unsembe, mawonekedwe azama media, momwe chilengedwe, kusanja, ndi kukonza kosalekeza. Ngakhale masiwichi osavuta oyandama atha kupereka kulondola kwamlingo wa centimita pazoyambira, njira zotsogola monga ma capacitive, optical, kapena ma vibrating probe amatha kulondola mulingo wa mamilimita atayikidwa bwino ndikusungidwa. Kusankha masinthidwe oyenera a pulogalamu yanu ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukuyenda bwino, kaya mukuwunika matanki amafuta agalimoto, malo osungiramo mafakitale, kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi pazida zam'nyumba. Kuti mukwaniritse ntchito yokhazikika komanso yodalirika, ndikofunikiranso kutsatira njira zoyenera zoyika ndikukhazikitsa macheke ndi ma calibration nthawi zonse. Kwa mabizinesi kapena anthu omwe akufuna mayankho ogwirizana komanso chitsogozo cha akatswiri posankha, kukhazikitsa, kapena kusintha masiwichi, kuyanjana ndi othandizira odalirika ngati Bluefin Sensor Technologies Limited kungathandize kufananiza sensor yoyenera kwambiri ndi zosowa zanu zenizeni. Ukadaulo wawo pakusintha kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi zinthu zosinthira zoyandama zimatsimikizira kuti mutha kusunga zolondola, zodalirika, komanso zogwira ntchito pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, kuchepetsa chiopsezo ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito onse. Kulumikizana ndi gulu lawo kumatha kukupatsani chithandizo chaukadaulo komanso malingaliro pazovuta zanu zapadera zowunikira mulingo wamadzimadzi.
7. FAQ
Q1: Ndi mitundu iti yolondola yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosinthira?
Zosinthira zoyandama: mm mpaka masentimita kutengera kukhazikitsa.
Capacitive/optical/vibrating: mil limeter-level mumayendedwe olamuliridwa.
Q2: Kodi kukhazikitsa kumakhudza bwanji kusintha kwa mlingo?
Kukwera molakwika, chipwirikiti, kusayenda bwino kapena kugwedezeka kwamadzimadzi kumachepetsa kulondola.
Q3: Kodi masiwichi amatha kukhala olondola pazamadzimadzi zovuta ngati thovu kapena matope?
Inde, ngati teknoloji yolondola (kugwedeza kapena kuwala) ndi kukhazikitsa (kutchinga, zitsime zoyimitsa) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Q4: Kodi kusintha kosintha kuyenera kusinthidwa kangati?
Calibration zimadalira ntchito; machitidwe a mafakitale angafunike kuwunika kwa theka-pachaka, machitidwe osavuta nthawi zambiri.
Q5: Chifukwa chiyani kusankha wopanga wapamwamba ndikofunikira?
Wopanga amatanthauzira kulolerana, mtundu wazinthu, ndipo amatha kupereka mayankho ofananira ndi chilengedwe, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yolondola komanso yodalirika ikugwira ntchito.
